One major problem of Islamic banking in Indonesia today is the high Non-Performing Financing (NPF) with its ratio amounted to 5.68% in June 2016. This paper aimed to identify and examine both macroeconomic and bank-specific factors affecting NPF ratio of Islamic banking. Particularly, it used the panel data regression method with a monthly data basis of eleven Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia. Furthermore, there were two periods examined i.e. from December 2011 to June 2016 (no specific restrictions on economic performance) and from February 2013 to January 2015 (restriction on economic performance). Technically, the dependent variable was NPF ratio (NPF) and the independent variables were Industrial Production Index (IPI), Real Sales Index (IPR), the difference between the BI Rate and inflation (BIREAL), the exchange rate of Rupiah against the US Dollar (EXR), the annual growth of financing (GFINY ), the ratio of financing to total assets (FINTA), the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Return on Assets ratio (ROA), the coverage of loan loss provision (CKPN), and the concentration of financing in the real estate sector (REFIN). The results showed that in the two periods examined, NPF was significantly influenced by the internal factors. In the first period, NPF was significantly influenced by GFINY, CKPN, and REFIN while in the second period, NPF was significantly influenced by CAR, ROA, CPKN, and REFIN. This shows that the quality of risk management implementation, profitability and capital are important factors in reducing the NPF ratio.

Islamic Waqif has an important role as one of the instruments in the economic empowerment of the people. In history, awqf played an important role in the development of social, economic and cultural life of the people. Both laws and regulations in the form of Law No. 41 of 2004 and Government Regulation No.42 of 2006 regulating the interests of worship, education, social and more important are the interests of the people's economic welfare.

       This study has a general purpose to formulate productive awqf management strategies in Indonesia, with specific objectives as follows: a.Identify constraints in developing productive awqf in Indonesia; b. Formulate productive awqf management strategies in Indonesia as literacy efforts in the field of da'wah in the community.

       Research examines the factors that influence the productive awqf management in Indonesia, through interviews of experts and regulators. Then analyze the policy. With the ANP and SWOT methods, that found the Strengths factors are Regulations / Laws and the largest Muslim population in the world. While Weaknesses are a lack of socialization and traditional mindset about awqf. Elements in the SWOT method, which is an opportunity to develop awqf (Opportunity) is the collection of endowments as the main element of worship and Professionalism in managing waqif funds. And the    Threats in waqif management are materialistic lifestyle (hedonism) and non-Islamic education patterns. It is expected that the results of this study can provide input to the Regulators (Government and Legislature), Academics, Wakif and the Community beneficiaries of the awqf itself.

With the impressive emergence of Islamic finance as a branch of Islamic economics, the need for a solid knowledge base that encompasses theories, thoughts and applications related to the subject increased in importance. However, writing about Islamic economics is a great challenge due to the differences in opinion on many of its issues. This includes methodologies for determining the Islamic perspective on economic concepts and issues as well as applicable solutions for today’s economic and social problems. It is further argued that Islamic economics topics are not as clear as those in conventional economics as they have their own religious, spiritual and social dimensions. The points of controversy have generated lengthy discussions. Moreover, Islamic economics encompasses a vast array of topics and approaches, from the purely theoretical, which may include philosophy or religious ideas, to mathematical and quantitative analyses. We tried our best throughout this textbook to simplify, clarify and summarise these concepts to make them accessible to all readers including students, practitioners, academics and even interested non-specialists. This textbook presents, discusses and analyses various topics and issues related to Islamic economics ranging from philosophical, epistemological and methodological to microeconomic and macroeconomic perspectives. In this endeavour, the social aspect of Islamic economics—an essential part of the discipline—is not neglected. The textbook compares Islamic ideas and concepts related to economics with those in conventional economics to highlight Islamic economics as a distinct field of knowledge with an emphasis on the ethical and social aspects. The authors have tried their level best to explain the theoretical concepts as simply as possible without ignoring today’s realities and without compromising Sharīʿah principles and objectives. One of the main objectives of the book is to provide the reader with Islamic economic ideas and solutions that are realistic and applicable within the current highly globalised economic and business environment, which is largely dominated by conventional interest-based systems and institutions. Despite being written for an elementary-level audience, this textbook can also be beneficial to a wide range of specialist and non-specialist readers and seekers of knowledge. For those specialising in Islamic economics, it is an appropriate source of reference to gain an overview on different topics relating to the foundations of Islamic economics. At this point, however, it must be mentioned that each topic deliberated upon, by its nature, would require a book on its own to cover all its aspects. Therefore, further exploration is required for Islamic economics specialists. A list of references and recommended readings is provided for that purpose at the end of each chapter. On the other hand, students of mainstream economics, finance and other academic majors will find this textbook an excellent resource for comprehensive knowledge of Islamic economics and its related issues. Universities may benefit from the different topics presented in this textbook in designing or preparing their economics courses at different levels based on their own curriculums and classes. This textbook could be used at the undergraduate level or even for a master’s level economics or Islamic economics course, especially in an Islamic banking and finance programme or for an MBA having a specialisation in Islamic banking and finance where an economics or Islamic economics course is offered. Furthermore, practitioners and interested readers who are seeking essential and simple knowledge about

Buku ini berusaha menggali beberapa teori ekonomi yang terkandung di dalam ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an dengan menggunakan metode dengan pendekatan yang jarang dilakukan oleh penulis lain-nya yaitu pendekatan “tafsir ekonomi”. Di mana pendekatan “tafsir” merupakan
pendekatan original yang selama ini digunakan oleh para ulama dalam menggali hukum, hikmah, dan ilmu yang terkandung dalam Al-Qur'an. 

This study investigated feeding management of yellowfin seabream, Acanthopagrus arabicas, juveniles under different feeding rates and its relationship to growth performance, survival, cannibalism and body composition. Thirty healthy fish (21.87±0.22g initial weight) were stocked in 12 separate net cages 3.4m³ assigned to four groups: F1, F2, F3, and F4 to receive feed at 3%, 5%, 7% and 9% body weight per day (bw/d). The juveniles were fed twice daily with a diet containing 42% protein for seven weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, group F3, fed at 7% bw/d, had significantly (P<0.05) higher percent weight gain, average daily weight gain and specific growth rate, followed by groups F2 (5% bw/d) and F4 (9% bw/d). The poorest growth performance was recorded in F1 (3% bw/d). Cannibalism was not seen in any treatment group, and survival was recorded 100%. In the whole fish body proximate composition, protein, ash and moisture showed no change while lipid levels in the fish bodies increased with increasing feeding ratio. Based on the results, 7% bw/d was the optimum feeding rate for J. arabicas under given experimental conditions.

Konsep syariah merupakan konsep yang akhir-akhir ini mulai sering digunakan oleh sebuah entitas sebagai identitas perusahaannya. Konsep tersebut terutama diterapkan pada sistem manajemen pemasaran dan manajemen sumber daya mausia pada sebuah perusahaan. Namun, dalam manajemen keuangan perusahaan sendiri belum banyak diterapkan prinsip dan nilai-nilai Islam yang menjadikan perusahaan syariah tersebut berbeda dengan perusahaan konvensioanl dari sisi manajemen keuangannya. Penelitian terkait manajemen keuangan perusahaan juga masih sedikit, sehingga hal tersebut juga menyebabkan perusahaan yang menerapkan konsep syariah kekurangan literatur dalam mengelola keuangannya sesuai dengan prinsip syariah. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk dapat membedakan secara kritis manajemen keuangan perusahaan yang diterapkan berdasarkan prinsip dan nilai Islam, sehingga nantinya dapat menjadi acuan bagi perusahaan yang menerapkan prinsip syariah. Ruang lingkup manajemen keuangan perusahaan yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah proses pengelolaan keuangan perusahaan yang diawali saat memperoleh pendanaan hingga pelaporan manajemen keuangannya. Oleh karena itu, pembahasan manajemen keuangan dalam penelitian ini mencakup hakikat tujuan perusahaan, nilai waktu uang, teori struktur modal, teori biaya modal, instrumen keuangan, teori penganggaran modal, manajemen moda kerja, dan laporan keuangan beserta analisisnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis kritis terhadap teori-teori manajemen keuangan perusahaan konvensional, dengan menggunakan pendekatan normatif yang didasarkan pada nilai dan prinsip Islam yang terkandung dalam Al-Quran dan Hadits, serta pendekatan konseptual yang didasarkan pada asumsi-asumsi yang menyusun teori manajemen keuangan perusahaan konvensional. Hasil dan pembahasan dalam penelitian ini menyajikan konsep manajemen keuangan perusahaan yang didasarkan pada prinsip dan nilai-nilai Islam, berupa pencapaian tujuan mashlahah dan falah, yang berarti mengakomodasi kepentingan seluruh stakeholder mencakup pemilik perusahaan, karyawan, konsumen, juga masyarakat luas. Diikuti dengan konsep nilai waktu uang yang diperbolehkan dalam Islam pada beberapa kondisi, konsep alternatif pendanaan modal dan operasional bagi perusahaan yang sesuai dengan prinsip syariah beserta instrumen dan perhitungan biaya modalnya. Selain itu juga alternatif penilaian investasi yang terlepas dari diskonto, melainkan menggunakan standar emas. Pembahasan penelitian ini juga mencakup pelaporan manajemen keuangan yang harus disajikan oleh perusahaan beserta analisis yang harus dilakukan atas kinerja perusahaan, yang sesuai dengan prinsip dan nilai-nilai Islam.

The concept of sharia is a concept that has recently started to be used frequently by an entity as its corporate identity. The concept is mainly applied to marketing management systems and human resource management in a corporate. However, in the corporate financial management has not been widely applied of principles and Islamic values that make the sharia companies are different from the convention company from the side of financial management. Research related to the corporate financial management is also still in minimum number, so it also causes lack of literature in managing its finances in accordance with the principles of sharia. Therefore, this research is conducted to be able to distinguish critically the corporate financial management applied based on the principles and values of Islam, so that later can be a reference for corporate that apply the principles of sharia. The scope of corporate financial management discussed in this research is the financial management process of a company that begins when obtaining funding until its financial management reporting. Therefore, the discussion of financial management in this study involve the nature of corporate objectives, time value of money, capital structure theory, cost of capital theory, financial instrument, capital budgeting theory, working capital management, and financial report alongwith its analysis. This study uses a critical analysis of conventional financial management theory, using normative approach based on Islamic values and principles contained in Al-Quran and Hadith, as well as a conceptual approach based on assumptions that make up the conventional theory of corporate financial management. The results and discussion in this study presents the concept of corporate financial management based on Islamic principles and values, in the form of achieving the goals of mashlahah and falah, which means to accommodate the importance of all stakeholders including the owners of the company, employees, consumers, as well as the wider community. Followed by the concept of time value of money allowed in Islam in some conditions, the alternative of capital structure the company in accordance with the principles of sharia and its instruments alongwith its calculation of capital costs. It is also an alternative investment assessment of capital budgeting regardless of discount, but using the gold standardization. Discussion of this study also includes financial management reporting that should be presented by the company along with the analysis to be evaluate on the performance of the company, in accordance with Islamic principles and values.

Puji dan syukur kita panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT karena atas rahmat, karunia dan hidayah-Nya, Pusat Kajian Strategis Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (PUSKAS BAZNAS) dapat mempersembahkan buku “Panduan Penghitungan Zakat: Konsep, Aplikasi, dan Contoh Kasus di Indonesia”. Secara umum buku ini mencoba menyajikan panduan umum akuntansi zakat, mulai dari konsep, aplikasi, serta contoh kasusnya di Indonesia. Kehadiran buku ini diharapkan menjadi acuan dan sumber informasi tentang bagaimana pelaporan dana zakat dilakukan dengan akuntabel. Kami berharap bahwa buku ini dapat menjadi amal ibadah dan sumbangsih nyata bagi perkembangan kontribusi dunia perzakatan Indonesia. Semoga Allah SWT senantiasa melimpahkan taufik, hidayah, rahmat dan maghfirah-Nya kepada kita semua. Amin.

zakat pada BAZNAS saat ini dengan dijabarkan dalam model Business Model Canvas (BMC) adalah mencakup sembilan elemen BMC; muzakki yang membayarkan zakatnya ke BAZNAS mencakup muzakki individu dan muzakki perusahaan. BAZNAS memberikan kepada para muzakki kartu muzakki  yang disebut Nomor Pokok Wajib Zakat (NPWZ). Terdapat konter khusus untuk menerima zakat. Layanan muzakki pada BAZNAS juga memungkinkan bagi muzakki untuk melakukan konsultasi mengenai zakat. Dana zakat yang terhimpun adalah dana amanah yang bukan menjadi miliknya. Sehingga pengelolaannya harus disesuaikan dengan ketentuan yang telah ada dalam syariah. Strategi penghimpunan zakat pada BAZNAS meliputi peningkatan kerja sama dengan berbagai instansi swasta dan pemerintah termasuk dengan mengadakan berbagai seminar dan workshop mengenai zakat. BAZNAS juga dapat menyalurkan beasiswa kepada perguruan tinggi khususnya pada prodi zakat. Disamping itu, konter layanan zakat perlu ditambah di berbagai lokasi strategi. BAZNAS juga dapat menjaring muzakki dari kalangan petani. BAZNAS dituntut untuk mengembangkan ICT dalam pengelolaan zakatnya.

Buku membantu anda bagaimana seharusnya mengelola Keuangan Keluarga secara Islami. banyak keluarga yang tidak mempunyai perencanaan keuangan keluarga sehingga mereka tidak pernah menyisihkan pendapatan mereka sedikit pun untuk tabungan anak-anak masa depan, dana emergensi dalam bentuk deposito, paket asuransi, tabungan naik haji, dan dana tabungan masa depan. Keluarga adalah sebuah organisasi terkecil di struktur kehidupan manusia yang memerlukan manajemen yang baik, strategi perencanaan yang baik, prosedur yang tertata rapi, sistem keuangan yang transparan, dan dapat dipertanggung jawabkan, siap untuk diaudit kapan saja, serta siap untuk dihitung baik pajak ataupun zakatnya. Dengan adanya bantuan dari sistem pencatatan yang baik akan sangat membantu proses perencanaan keuangan keluarga.

Zakat is one of the five pillars of Islam. It is a legal obligation of every Muslim. Prophet Muhammad PBUH was the leader of an Islamic government, and at once the most accountable party in zakat management, responsible for collecting zakat property from the muzakki and distributing it to the mustahiq. Currently, the main issue is that there are states with a Muslim majority but yet without the right and authority to manage zakat. In fact, zakat is handled by a legal authority in the state or exercised individually. No proper management of zakat property on the part of the government adversely affects zakat management itself, such as the right to implement zakat for Muslim citizens. Zakat management becomes ineffective and inefficient and causes injustice to mustahik. This research discusses zakat management from the viewpoint of its concept and the parties responsible for implementing it based on Islamic shariah, whether by a Muslim or non-Muslim government. Therefore, the government needs to take over responsibility for zakat management because it requires rules and regulations involving many parties. Thereby, only the government will have the legal authority and apparatus to regulate and enforce zakat among citizens. In zakat management by a state, the Muslim government must strongly uphold Islamic shariah and manage justly. As for a non-Muslim government, it must deal justly in implementing zakat management. The implication of this research is that states with a Muslim population need to give attention to the people’s interest in the aspect of implementing ibadah, particularly in affairs of zakat management, particularly by passing legislation and enforcing regulations for zakat for Muslim citizens to exercise their right to implement zakat, without compromising the rights of non-Muslims.

With 7 percent economic growth over the next two decades, China predicted will overtake the United States as a world economic superpower in 2020. Indonesia and Malaysia as the two Serumpun countries since 2006 has been tied to the CAFTA agreement with China and other ASEAN countries. The rapid economic growth of China will bring major impacts on economics and politics in Indonesia and Malaysia. Indonesia and Malaysia are Serumpun but have a different basic and background of development and economic policy. As a result to face a global economic change, the two countries of Malay react differently. This paper tries to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of these two Serumpun countries in terms of national economic policy to face the economic power of China in 2020 and then tried to harmonize the economic policies of both countries such as the two Serumpun countries into a common economic policy, in social economic context.

The aim of the research is to provide an overview of green attitudes elements of local people towards Municipal Solid Waste Collection (MSWC) performance in the city of Manjung and Kerian Town Area in Perak, Malaysia. The main current challenges were discussed with focus on MSWC performance and public awareness on green attitude. The secondary data for this study were gathered from literature studies and in-depth interviews with stakeholders for MSWC in Manjung and Kerian Town Area. This paper investigates the relationship between level of MSWC performance and the awareness on green attitudes from the perspective of local people knowledge among 630 respondents. The results show that the MSWC performance is facing many challenges and there is a lack of awareness among respondents regarding to green attitudes. Besides that, the result shows that there are significant relationship between MSWC performance and the awareness on green attitude among respondents. It is quite clear that green attitude awareness can contribute to the high quality of solid waste collection performance. All parties must be involved in green activities in order to protect our environment. Meanwhile, local municipal need pay more attention on solid waste collection to increase environment protection.

There is no scintilla of doubt that integrating SMEs into the high value Oil and Gas Sector would have both immediate and long-term effects on the socio-economic development of Ghana particularly Job creation and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth.This study examines the impact of external business environment on SMEs willingness to invest in the Ghanaian oil and Gas Sector. Using binomial logistic regression analysis we analyze primary data from 245 SMEs from Ghana. The study finds that SMEs that have readily access to finance, reliable electrical supply, required technical qualification, no competition from foreign companies, well informed on Oil and Gas investment opportunity are more likely to invest in Ghanaian oil and gas sector.We also find that corruption perception, political stability and training support in capacity building have no significant influence on SMEs willingness to invest. We suggest that future studies should cover internal firm factors, perceived barriers as well as macro level factors.Also the study is limited to Ghanaian SMEs, future researchers may replicate this study in other oil producing countries in Africa including; Nigeria, Uganda, Angola and South Africa.

This study was conducted to obtain answer for four research questions: (1) whether the effecivenes of audit committee affected whistleblowing system, (2) whether the effectivenes of internal audit affected whistleblowing system, (3) whether whistleblowing system affected fraud disclosure, and (4) whether fraud disclosure affected market reaction. This research was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling SEM with PLS model. The samples were 57 companies that listed on the IDX  in year 2014. Results of the study were summarized as follow:  (1) The effectivenes of audit committee had negative significant effect on whistleblowing system, (2) The effectiveness of internal audit did not have effect on whistleblowing system, (3) whistleblowing system did not have effect on fraud disclosure, and (4)  fraud disclosure had negative significant effect on stock market reaction. The implication of this research is that the company should encourage the implementation of whistleblowing system as an effective early fraud prevention system, hence the number of fraud will decrease.

The success of an organization in achieving its vision and mission depends on the quality of its human resources. Organizational management is essentially a process of human resource management because all organizations must operate through human resources. The quality of human resources is reflected in its performance within the company. Employee performance as a human resource is measured in a formal system called performance appraisal. Performance management is applied to achieve the company's vision and mission through employee competence and performance that match the values contained within the company. The targets of each work unit based on the balance scorecard set by the Directorate. The performance of Bank Syariah Mandiri (BSM) employees is monitored through key performance indicator. Performance appraisal of BSM employees is done periodically every 3 months, ie quarterly review and annual review. The grouping of employee performance through Performance Level (PL) is used as the basis for reward/appreciation from company to employee. Employee PL determination is aligned with the achievement level of the Work Unit and the composition should approach the normal distribution curve form using the PL predicate. Performance appraisal is self through self-assessment and direct superior through interview based on evidence of employee performance activity (self-assessment result). Implementation of performance management in BSM is good so that the company

Buku ini menjelaskan bahwa konsep mas}lah}ah d}aru>riyah yang terdiri dari terjaga dan terpeliharanya agama (h}ifz}u ‘ala al-di>n), terjaga dan terpeliharanya jiwa (h}ifz}u ‘ala al-nafs), terjaga dan terpeliharanya keturunan (h}ifz}u ‘ala al-nasl), terjaga dan terpeliharanya akal (h}ifz}u ‘ala al-‘aql) dan terjaga dan terpeliharanya harta (h}ifz}u ‘ala al-ma>l), dapat dijadikan dasar bagi pengembangan sistem manajemen kinerja organisasi. Secara akademis, buku ini mendukung pendapat beberapa peneliti yaitu Sen (1992), Mubyarto (1997), Gardiner (2002), Swasono (2003) dan Chapra (2007) yang menyatakan bahwa etika, moral dan akuntabilitas sosial memegang peranan penting bagi kelanggengan pembangunan ekonomi. Kandungan buku menjelaskan bahwa etika, moral, akuntabilitas sosial adalah fondasi kemaslahatan. Adapun kelanggengan kemanfaatan organisasi di dunia dan akhirat merupakan indikator tercapainya kinerja kemaslahatan organisasi. Pencapaian di atas dapat terwujud dengan menyelaraskan pengelolaan organisasi terhadap tugas manusia sebagai khalifah Allah di bumi (Bung Hatta dalam Swasono, 1992), Khan (1994), Chapra (2007).

Halal industry has attracted global attention from business stakeholders from aroundthe world for its vast growth. The term of “halal‖ means ―permissible‖ or ―allowed‖. Halal refers to the whole procedure in any products, activities and businesses. There is an urge to have an understanding and implementation on halal concept. Halal industries nowadays not only refer to food and Islamic financial sectors but it also encompasses cosmetics, tourism, logistics, and so forth. This paper attempts to review the development of researches in halal industry, and the findings on halal certification and those three biggest industries in halal market

Halal industry has attracted global attention from business stakeholders from aroundthe world for its vast growth. The term of “halal‖ means―permissible‖ or―allowed‖. Halal refers to the whole procedure in any products, activities and businesses. There is an urge to have an understanding and implementation on halal concept. Halal industries nowadays not only refer to food and Islamic financial sectors but it also encompasses cosmetics, tourism, logistics, and so forth. This paper attempts to review the development of researches in halal industry, and the findings on halal certification and those three biggest industries in halal market.

Perbankan syariah adalah institusi yang memberikan layanan kepada masyarakat baik melalui penghimpunan dana (investasi), penyaluran dana (pembiayaan) dan jasa perbankan lainnya yang berdasarkan syariat Islam. Dalam menyalurkan dana, antara produk yang ditawarkan adalah pembiayaan talangan haji dengan skim sewa menyewa (ijarah) dan skim pinjaman (qardh). Makalah ini bertumpu kepada pembahasan kedua akad tersebut, dimana produk talangan haji yang bersumber dari fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional (DSN) Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) No. 29/DSN-MUI/VI/2002 menuai perbedaan pendapat dari banyak ulama kontemporer di Indonesia. Hasil kajian dijangka dapat menghasilkan kerangka konseptual berkaitan kesesuaian penggabungan antara akad qardh dan ijarah yang difatwakan oleh DSN MUI dengan pendapat para ulama baik ulama klasik maupun ulama kontemporer di Indonesia.

the spread of Islam in West Java region in the second period was done by the scholars who studied in the Middle East especially Saudi Arabia and Egypt. One of the spreaders of Islam in the West Java region especially in Cianjur, Sukabumi and Bogor is KH. Abdullah bin Noah. He has kemamampuan in the field of da'wah, journalist, educator, soldier, historian, Writer, and an Islamic Thinker. This article will examine how his contribution in the field of Islamic studies in the area of Cianjur, Sukabumi and Bogor. The Thought Of KH. Abdullah bin Noah about the concept of education contained in the 18 books he wrote include translation entitled ' Minhaj al ' Abidin ' of Priest Ghozali. The real leadership of the Islamic education form KH. Abdullah Ibn Nuh was marked by the establishment of the YIC (Foundation Islamic Centre) based in Bogor with a focus on education and Dawah of Islam.