Abstract

This research study examines the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on enhancing the security of Islamic banking accounting systems in Indonesia. Specifically, it focuses on AI's ability to accurately and efficiently detect fraud. The research used path analysis to investigate how AI's fraud detection capabilities affect accounting system security. The study involved IT professionals, auditors, and risk management staff in Islamic banking as respondents. A detailed questionnaire was developed to measure AI's role, revealing positive and significant effects on accounting system security. These effects were observed both directly and indirectly through fraud detection accuracy and efficiency. Interestingly, the study found that AI has a greater direct impact on security than its mediated effect, indicating that while AI improves fraud detection, its full potential in bolstering accounting system security has yet to be fully realized. The findings offer practical insights for Islamic banks, regulators, and stakeholders to implement and evaluate AI technology for fraud detection.

Abstract

Purpose: This study examines the effect of Sharia financial literacy and religiosity on micro, small, and medium enterprises’ (MSMEs) compliance with Sharia financing contracts. In particular, it explores the mediating role of mental accounting in shaping contract adherence.

Method: The research employed a quantitative survey design with 100 MSMEs under Perumda Pasar Jaya Jakarta that had participated in Sharia financing for at least one year. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and complemented with qualitative interviews. Structural Equation Modeling– Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) was applied to test direct and mediating effects.

Findings: The results demonstrate that both Sharia financial literacy and religiosity exert positive and significant effects on MSMEs’ compliance with Sharia financing contracts. However, the mediation analysis reveals that mental accounting does not significantly mediate these relationships, suggesting that while entrepreneurs understand and value Sharia principles, limited financial buffers and urgent liquidity needs prevent them from consistently applying structured accounting practices. Qualitative evidence confirms that many MSMEs mix business and personal funds, rely on fluctuating cash flow, and occasionally delay repayment despite strong religious motivation.

Novelty/Value: Unlike in conventional finance, where mental accounting is often framed as a cognitive bias, in Islamic finance, it can function as a constructive form of self-control. By separating accounts for obligatory payments, including zakah and debt repayment, MSMEs with relatively high religiosity treat financial discipline as part of their religious duty. At the same time, Islamic financing practices grounded in ukhuwah and maslahah provide flexibility when liquidity constraints occur, making mental accounting a unique and contextually embedded mechanism for SMEs.

Abstract

Purpose ― Understanding how Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) practices interact with firm value within the framework of Sharīʿah compliance is essential, as Islamic capital markets integrate financial objectives with ethical and sustainable principles. The present study focuses on the bidirectional relationship between ESG performance and firm value. It investigates the moderating role of Sharīʿah compliance and examines the effect of external governance mechanisms on ESG practices in Sharīʿah-compliant firms in the context of Indonesia.

Design/Methodology/Approach ― The final sample consists of 155 public firms listed in the Indonesia Sharia Stock Index (ISSI). Structural Equation Modelling using Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) is employed to test the hypothesised relationships.

Findings ― The study finds a significant negative effect of ESG performance on firm value, suggesting that ESG investments may incur short-term costs that reduce immediate market valuation. In contrast, firm value significantly and positively influences ESG performance, indicating that firms with stronger financial standing are more likely to invest in sustainability initiatives. While Sharīʿah compliance does not moderate the relationship between ESG and firm value, it was found that it positively affects ESG engagement, reflecting the close alignment of Islamic values with sustainability. The study also reveals that external governance factors do not have a significant impact on ESG performance.

Originality/Value ― This study extends prior ESG research by modelling the ESG-firm value relationship as a bidirectional process and introducing Sharīʿah compliance as a moderator variable, thereby offering new insights into ethical investing and sustainable finance in Islamic capital markets.

Research Limitations/Implications ―  The study adopts a cross-sectional design, which limits the ability to capture longitudinal dynamics and sectoral variations.

Practical Implications ― The study offers practical insights for managers, regulators, and investors by demonstrating how ESG engagement with Sharīʿah constraints may involve short-term value trade-offs while shaping sustainability outcomes in Islamic capital markets.

This research examines how the fraud square influences fraud, and investigates whether implementing tahdzib al-fard (educating individuals), part of Maqashid Sharia values, and Islamic Work Ethics (IWE), can reduce employee involvement in fraud. The study uses a quantitative approach with questionnaires for data collection, with 257 civil servants in Banten Province agencies, Indonesia, as study samples. The data were further tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling. The study reveals that pressure, opportunity and rationalization have a positive relationship with fraud, while integrity has no impact on fraud deterrence. Tahdzib alfard significantly influences employee perceptions and attitudes towards dealing with fraud triggers and increasing integrity. IWE was found to only moderate the relationship between pressure and fraud. The research captures the prevalence of fraud in Banten Province government agencies through the lens of the fraud square. It also proposes a new measurement of tahdzib alfard, combined with the internalization of IWE, as a promising approach that weakens the drivers of fraud and has implications for reducing the level of fraud in the government sector.

This research seeks to examine how the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced shifts in income smoothing practices within Islamic banks in Indonesia. It also investigates the effect of income smoothing on displaced commercial risk (DCR) and the influence of DCR on the potential for bankruptcy in Islamic banks. Using a quantitative approach, the study employs a mean difference test and panel data regression through path analysis in relation to 13 Islamic banks over two 21-month periods before the pandemic (July 2017 to March 2019) and during the pandemic (April 2019 to December 2020). The findings reveal significant differences in income smoothing behavior between the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods, with income smoothing negatively affecting DCR. Furthermore, a lower DCR leads to a lower bankruptcy risk, as measured by the z-score. These results highlight the interconnectedness of income smoothing, commercial risk management, and financial stability in Islamic banks during periods of economic uncertainty. The study concludes that Islamic banks need to enhance risk management strategies to mitigate the effects of external economic shocks.

The Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) market share is expected to increase with the halal certification of their products and services. However, MSEs have limited resources. In response, the Government introduced a self-declare halal certification program in 2022. From the total number of MSEs, which reached 8.7 million units as of March 2023, only about 79 thousand have self-declare halal certificates. Therefore, this study aims to analyze internal and external factors that influence the interest of  MSEs towards halal certification through a self-declare scheme. The study involves 86 MSEs respondents from Bogor, West Java. Using Partially Least Square (PLS) with a second-order approach. The findings reveal that internal factors marginally affect MSE's interest to pursue self-declare halal certification. The three strongest indicators of internal factors are: (1) improving human resource performance, (2) increasing efficiency and financial returns, and (3) awareness of religiosity. Interestingly, external factors do not influence the interest of MSEs to obtain self-declare halal certification, except for government policy, which significantly impact the intention in the first-order test. The main implication of this research is the importance of more substantial government support to help MSEs obtaining halal certification such as socialization, training as well as mentoring Halal Self Declare Certification at an affordable cost.

Abstrak – Tadabur Surah Yusuf: Praksis Akuntan yang Beretika

Tujuan Utama – Penelitian berupaya mengeksplorasi prinsip-prinsip dasar etika akuntan yang terkandung dalam Surah Yusuf.

Metode – Penelitian ini menggunakan metode tadabur dan wawancara. Informan penelitian ini adalah akuntan dan ahli agama.

Temuan Utama - Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa adanya keselarasan antara serapan-serapan etika dari kisah Nabi Yusuf dengan prinsip dasar etika akuntan. Nabi Yusuf merupakan seorang bendaharawan kerajaan dan suri tauladan bagi pengelola keuangan. Episode-episode kehidupan Nabi Yusuf merefleksikan prinsip dasar etik akuntan.

Implikasi Teori dan Kebijakan – Penelitian ini menawarkan prinsip dasar etika akuntan dari sudut pandang tadabur Surah Yusuf. Selain itu, penelitian ini menjadikan Nabi Yusuf sebagai suri tauladan bagi akuntan dan auditor yang beretika.

Kebaruan Penelitian - Penelitian ini menjelaskan prinsip dasar etika dari serapan kisah Nabi Yusuf yang merupakan pengelola keuangan kerajaan.

The aim of this research is to test and analyze the effect of applying the Expected Loss Method on earnings quality in the context of the pandemic surrounding.  The research sample consisted of 16 Islamic commercial banks registered with the Financial Services Authority for the 2019-2022. Using panel regression analysis techniques processed through STATA 18, this research measures earnings quality with discretionary loan loss provisions (DLLP). Control variables include liquidity, which is proxied by the financing-to ratio (FDR), efficiency by BOPO, and bank size by Ln Total Financing. The results show that the impact of EFL on earnings quality is positively significant. This means that the higher the implementation of EFL, the greater the increase in DLLP, which indicates a further decline in earnings quality. During the pandemic, DLLP 27.98 demonstrated a higher value compared to non-pandemic periods, indicating a decline in earning quality during that period. This research provides input for regulators in drafting regulations related to CKPN, which is prone to being used as an earnings management tool. For investors, these findings can help in evaluating bank performance to make better investment decisions.

This research is to determine the effect of managerial ownership, growth opportunities, financial pressure on prudent accounting with firm size and leverage as additional variables in state-owned companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI). The research period used is 5 years, namely the 2018-2022 period. The sampling technique in this research is purposive sampling with a selected sample of 18 state-owned companies. The analytical method used to test the hypothesis is panel data regression analysis using Eviews 12. The research results show that managerial ownership, growth opportunities and financial distress have an effect on accounting prudence, while company size and leverage have no effect on accounting prudence. The implication of this research is that company management must be careful in dealing with permits in the future. At this time, they must apply accounting prudence to reduce the risks facing the company.

The Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) market share is expected to increase with the halal certification of their products and services. However, MSEs have limited resources. In response, the Government introduced a self-declare halal certification program in 2022. From the total number of MSEs, which reached 8.7 million units as of March 2023, only about 79 thousand have self-declare halal certificates. Therefore, this study aims to analyze internal and external factors that influence the interest of  MSEs towards halal certification through a self-declare scheme. The study involves 86 MSEs respondents from Bogor, West Java. Using Partially Least Square (PLS) with a second-order approach. The findings reveal that internal factors marginally affect MSE's interest to pursue self-declare halal certification. The three strongest indicators of internal factors are: (1) improving human resource performance, (2) increasing efficiency and financial returns, and (3) awareness of religiosity. Interestingly, external factors do not influence the interest of MSEs to obtain self-declare halal certification, except for government policy, which significantly impact the intention in the first-order test. The main implication of this research is the importance of more substantial government support to help MSEs obtaining halal certification such as socialization, training as well as mentoring Halal Self Declare Certification at an affordable cost.

This study aims to analyze the internal control practices of the Anti-Riba Community in the Sharia property business.  This study applies a case study method using PT Azzura Griya Utama, a Shariah property business, as the research object. Data were collected using in-depth interviews with the company’s CEO and described qualitatively. The findings show that the internal control components, to some extent, have been implemented in the company. As a high-risk potential business, because it does not involve banks in their transactions with customers, it appears to need mechanisms and procedures to mitigate risks if customer problems occur. The company relies on control that is more personal and cultural by strengthening education on Sharia values. Other components of internal control continue to be improved as the company realizes the business is growing.

This study aims to analyze the impact of the effectiveness of internal audit in improving sharia compliance in this case effectiveness is highly dependent on the independence of internal auditors. The subjects of this research are all internal auditors who work for Islamic banks in East Java province. The sample used in this study was taken through purposive sampling method. This study uses a type of quantitative research with hypothesis testing. In this study using Partial Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis used for validity tests and reliability tests with the help of analytical tools in the form of Smart-PLS 4.0 software. The results of this study indicate that the internal auditor independence variable has no significant effect on sharia compliance. The internal audit effectiveness variable has a significant effect on sharia compliance. The internal auditor independence variable has a significant influence on the effectiveness of the internal audit. And the internal auditor independence variable has a positive effect on Sharia compliance by means of internal audit effectiveness

This study aims to analyse financial distress and potential financial statement manipulation in Islamic commercial banks. In addition, this study analyses the relationship between the two. Financial distress is measured by the Altman Z-Score m,odelBeneish M-Score measures potential financial statement manipulationh M-Score. The analysis techniques used are descriptive qualitative and Pearson CorrelatioUsinging data from 12 Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia for the period 2020 - 2022, the results of the Altman Z-Score calculation show that Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia are financially healthy. This indicates the effectiveness of Islamic bbanks'business strategies, especially in facing the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of the Beneish M-Score calculation prove that Islamic banks are not included in the manipulator category. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient shows that there is no significant relationship between financial distress and financial statement manipulation at Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia. The tight supervision by regulators closes the opportunity for manipulation of financial statements. In addition, the characteristics of Islamic banks that are dominated by funds from retail customers can explain the insignificance of the relationship between financial distress and financial statement manipulation.

This study aims to analyze the impact of Islamic accounting education and the level of religiosity on ethical behavior. All variables were measured using a questionnaire instrument which was distributed to 53 undergraduate students majoring in Islamic accounting located in Java. The hypotheses were tested using multiple regression analysis. The results show that Islamic accounting education has a positive impact on ethical behavior represented in their daily life. However, the religiosity level does not affect ethical behavior. The implication of the study is the importance of integrating religious values into learning. The values of Islam are universal, such as honesty, trustworthiness, and professionalism, and can be applied to individuals from any religious background. In addition, these values must be internalized. As a result, religion is not just ritual worship, but also has an impact on social piety.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif qualitative yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh dari Current Industry Relative Performance (CRP), Future Industry Relative Performance (FRP) dan Leverage (DEBT) terhadap praktik manajemen laba pada Perbankan Indonesia. CRP, FRP dan DEBT diukur dengan mengggunakan rasio keuangan. Manajemen laba diukur dengan menggunakan total akrual. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dengan karakteristik data time series yang berupa laporan keuangan triwulan bank (BM, BRI, BSM, BMI, dan BSMI) tahun 2004 sampai dengan 2008. Dengan menggunakan regresi berganda dengan taraf nyata 5%. hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada bank konvensional berdasarkan Uji Simultan, peubah CRP, FRP dan DEBT mempengaruhi praktik manajemen laba (AD), sedangkan berdasarkan Uji Parsial, hanya peubah CRP dan DEBT yang mempengaruhi praktik manajemen laba. Pada bank syariah, berdasarkan Uji Simultan, peubah CRP, FRP, dan DEBT tidak ada yang mempengaruhi praktik manajemen laba (AD), sedangkan berdasarkan Uji Parsial, peubah CRP, FRP dan DEBT tidak mempengaruhi praktik manajemen laba